I Want to Become an Australian Citizen – What Next?

Becoming an Australian citizen is a life-changing step. It’s more than just a legal process, it’s a commitment to call Australia home, to share its values, and to contribute to a diverse and thriving nation. Whether you’ve lived in Australia for years or are just beginning to think about making it your permanent home, this guide will take you through everything you need to know about becoming an Australian citizen, step by step.

Why Become an Australian Citizen?

Before diving into the process, it’s important to understand why citizenship matters. Becoming an Australian citizen gives you a sense of belonging, identity, and security. You’ll no longer be just a resident; you’ll be a full member of the Australian community.

Benefits of Australian Citizenship:

• Right to vote in federal, state, and local elections.

• Eligibility for an Australian passport and the ability to travel more freely.

• Access to government jobs and defense roles restricted to citizens.

• Protection under Australian law, even when overseas.

• Ability to sponsor family members for permanent residency or citizenship.

• A permanent home, no more visa renewals or residency worries.

Citizenship represents freedom, stability, and full participation in Australian society.

Step 1: Understand the Pathways to Citizenship

There isn’t just one way to become an Australian citizen. The Department of Home Affairs offers several citizenship pathways, depending on your personal situation.

1. Citizenship by Conferral (Most Common): This is the path most permanent residents take. You can apply once you meet certain residency and character requirements.
2. Citizenship by Descent: If one of your parents was an Australian citizen at the time of your birth, you may already be eligible for citizenship, even if you were born overseas.
3. Citizenship by Birth: If you were born in Australia and one or both of your parents were citizens or permanent residents at that time, you automatically qualify.
4. Citizenship by Adoption: If you were adopted under an Australian law or international adoption agreement, you may be eligible through this route.

For most people reading this, the citizenship by conferral pathway will be the relevant one, so let’s look at that in detail.

Step 2: Check If You Meet the Eligibility Requirements

To apply for citizenship by conferral, you must meet the following key requirements:

✅ 1. Residency Requirement

You must have:

• Lived in Australia on a valid visa for 4 years immediately before applying, and

• Been a permanent resident for at least 12 months before applying, and

• Not been absent from Australia for more than 12 months in total during the 4-year period (including no more than 90 days in the last year).

✅ 2. Good Character

You must be of good character, which means having a clean criminal record and being a responsible member of society. In simple terms, this means you respect Australian laws, contribute positively to your community, and maintain honesty and integrity in your daily life. The Department of Home Affairs may check your police records and ask questions about your past conduct to ensure you meet this standard.

✅ 3. Basic English Skills

You should be able to speak and understand basic English. The citizenship test (covered below) will assess this.
Having basic English skills helps you participate in Australian society, communicate effectively, and understand your rights and responsibilities as a citizen. Even though advanced fluency isn’t required, a basic grasp of the language is essential for integration and community involvement.

✅ 4. Knowledge of Australia and Its Values

You’ll need to pass the Australian Citizenship Test, which ensures you understand the country’s history, government, and values. The test is designed to make sure you know what it means to be Australian, from democratic principles and equality to respect, freedom, and the rule of law. Studying for this test also helps new citizens appreciate Australia’s culture, traditions, and national identity.

✅ 5. Intention to Live in Australia

You must intend to live in Australia or maintain a close and continuing association with the country. This shows your genuine commitment to being part of the Australian community. Whether you plan to live permanently in Australia or spend time overseas for work or family reasons, your lifestyle and connections should demonstrate that Australia will remain your true home.

Step 3: Gather Your Documents

Before you apply, you’ll need to prepare a range of supporting documents. Having them ready makes your application smoother and faster.

Commonly Required Documents:

• Identity documents (passport, birth certificate, national ID)

• Proof of permanent residency

• Evidence of name changes (if applicable)

• Police clearances (for good character assessment)

• Recent photographs

• Evidence of residence (rental agreements, utility bills, etc.)

Make sure your documents are certified copies, as required by the Department of Home Affairs.

Step 4: Apply for Citizenship Online

The easiest way to apply is through the Department of Home Affairs website.

You’ll need to:

1. Create or log in to your ImmiAccount.

2. Complete the Application for Australian Citizenship – Form 1300t (for adults).

3. Upload your documents and pay the application fee (usually between AUD $300–$500).

After you submit, you’ll receive a confirmation and can track your application’s progress online.

Step 5: Prepare for the Citizenship Test and Interview

If you’re aged between 18 and 59, you’ll likely need to take the Australian Citizenship Test. This is a multiple-choice exam designed to test your knowledge of:

• Australian history and geography

• The democratic system and government structure

• Rights and responsibilities of citizens

• Australian values such as freedom, equality, and respect

Test Details:

• Number of questions: 20

• Pass mark: 75% (you must get at least 15 correct)

• Format: Computer-based, available in English

• Study resource: The official booklet “Australian Citizenship: Our Common Bond”

If English is not your first language, don’t worry, the test is written in simple English, and you can take your time.

Step 6: Wait for Processing

Processing times can vary, often between 6 to 12 months, depending on your circumstances and the volume of applications. During this period, the Department may contact you for additional information or background checks.

You can check your application status through your ImmiAccount.

Step 7: Attend the Citizenship Ceremony

Once your application is approved, you’ll receive an invitation to attend an Australian Citizenship Ceremony, the final step in your journey!

At the ceremony, you’ll take the Australian Citizenship Pledge, declaring your loyalty to Australia and its people. This is a proud and emotional moment for many new Australians.

You’ll then receive your Australian Citizenship Certificate, which officially makes you a citizen.

Step 8: Apply for an Australian Passport

After your ceremony, you can apply for your Australian passport through Australia Post or the Australian Passport Office.

This passport opens doors to visa-free travel to over 180 countries and the ability to seek consular assistance worldwide.

Step 9: Contact a Registered Migration Agent

While many people apply for citizenship on their own, the process can be complex, especially if you have unique circumstances, such as time spent outside Australia, previous visa issues, or incomplete records.

A registered migration agent can:

• Review your eligibility and documents

• Help you avoid costly mistakes or delays

• Communicate with the Department of Home Affairs on your behalf

• Provide expert advice tailored to your situation

When choosing a migration agent in Australia, always check that they are registered with the Office of the Migration Agents Registration Authority (OMARA). You can search for licensed professionals on the official OMARA website.

Tips for a Smooth Citizenship Process

• Keep your records updated: Ensure your permanent residency details are accurate.

• Study early: Start reviewing the citizenship test materials well in advance.

• Stay lawful: Avoid legal troubles, good character is essential.

• Check for policy changes: Immigration laws can change, so always review the latest requirements before applying.

• Ask for help: If unsure, consider consulting a registered migration agent for professional advice.

Embracing Your New Life as an Australian

Becoming an Australian citizen isn’t just a legal milestone, it’s an emotional and cultural one. You’re joining a community built on respect, fairness, and opportunity. Whether you’re enjoying a backyard BBQ, watching the footy, or exploring Australia’s stunning landscapes, you’ll know that this country is truly your home.

So, if you’ve decided, “I want to become an Australian citizen,” the next step is clear: start your application, study hard, and get ready to celebrate your new identity as an Aussie. 🇦🇺

Final Thoughts

Australia is a nation that welcomes people from all walks of life. Becoming a citizen means embracing shared values of freedom, equality, respect, and a fair go for all.

Your journey might take time and effort, but the reward, becoming part of one of the world’s most vibrant, multicultural democracies, is worth every step.